Showing 1 - 13 of 13 Results for "human rights"

Results

Gap
Mandating pregnant women to enroll in ART on the same day they test HIV positive may violate their human rights and may result in loss-to-follow up, increasing the risk of mortality, morbidity and drug resistance. Providing enough counseling and information to pregnant women found positive before being initiated on lifelong treatment helps in reducing cases of loss to follow up. Active tracing of women lost to follow up in a way that does not violate consent, confidentiality and human rights, may be warranted. An analysis of national facilities with over 20,000 women started on cART under Option B+ found that loss to follow up was highest in patients who began cART at large clinics on the day they were diagnosed with HIV. After controlling for age and facility type, Option B+ patients who started on ART on the same day of testing were almost twice as likely to never return to the clinic than other Option B+ patients. Note: WHO September 2015 guidelines do not specify when during pregnancy a woman living with HIV should be initiated on cART
Antenatal Care - Treatment
1 study
Interventions to increase the knowledge of people living with HIV — especially women — regarding their rights and provision of resources for them to access and claim these rights need to be scaled up. Studies found that women had insufficient knowledge of their legal rights and no resources to claim their legal rights.
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Women’s right and access to, and control over, an equitable share of marital property and inheritance, including land, needs to be recognized and protected in law and practice.
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Legislation that allows women the right to refuse forced marriage and to divorce and that penalizes marital and non-marital rape is necessary to reduce coercive sex and the risk of HIV transmission. Studies found that in some countries, particularly in regions where there are generalized epidemics, legislation penalizing marital rape does not exist. For younger women: laws stating that a girl under age 16 cannot consent to sex but also that she cannot claim protection from the law if someone has sex with her against her will must be changed: "By granting her neither agency nor security, the law renders her a non-person" (Global Commission on HIV and the Law, 2012).
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Laws prohibiting marriage at young age need to be enacted and enforced. Field reports and studies found that child marriage for girls is still common in some countries, including in some countries where child marriage has been made illegal.
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Efforts are needed to further research and repeal laws that criminalize HIV non-disclosure, exposure or transmission — including vertical transmission of HIV—, which can discourage people from testing for HIV, and undermine the relationship between patients and physicians and other service providers. Because women are more likely to be tested, legal mandates to disclose HIV-positive serostatus may discourage women from accessing needed services and may lead to increased risk of abandonment and violence (see sections on VAW, HTC, etc).
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Laws that criminalize consensual adult sexual behavior, including same-sex conduct and sex work need to be repealed and the impact of such law reform needs to be more thoroughly evaluated. [See %{c:7}]
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Efforts are needed to reform laws that criminalize drug use and/or drug possession for personal use and to eliminate compulsory drug detention and instead, provide people who use drugs with access to HIV and health services, including harm reduction, and voluntary, effective evidence-based drug dependency treatment. Detention centers are administered by police, military or other national government public security authorities and operate outside the formal criminal justice system with detainees held without trial or right of appeal; those detained are not allowed to leave voluntarily (Wolfe, 2012). Studies found that female IDU were not given reproductive health services, including PMTCT services in compulsory detention and/or prison settings. Detoxification programs were substandard and ineffective. Despite high rates of HIV, antiretroviral treatment is largely unavailable in compulsory drug detention centers. IDUs who have started antiretroviral treatment should be able to continue treatment in prison with access to medical supervision. [See also %{s:11}]
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Measures should be taken to stop abuses in health care, including breaches of medical confidentiality, HIV testing without informed consent and forced and coerced sterilization of women living with HIV. Any mandated HIV-related registration, testing and forced treatment may discourage needed access to testing and treatment and adherence.
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Efforts are needed to implement and research interventions to alleviate stigma and discrimination on the basis of HIV status, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, sex work and drug use in the health care sector, social services, police and the judiciary. [See %{s:67} and %{c:7}]
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Laws prohibiting discrimination against those who are living with HIV in employment, housing, health and social services and education need to be implemented and more thoroughly evaluated. A study found that women feared losing their homes if found to be living with HIV. [See %{s:67}]
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Legislation is needed to ensure migrants are not denied access to services, which can increase the risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV.
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study
Supportive legal and policy frameworks are needed to prevent and redress all forms of violence against women, particularly women living with HIV, women engaged in sex work and women who have sex with women, including in intimate partner settings. [See %{c:7} and %{s:59}]
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
1 study