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Showing 81 - 100 of 203 Results for "prevention"

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Infection control of TB within health care settings can reduce the incidence of TB among health care workers, particularly nurses.
Structuring Health Services to Meet Women’s Needs
1 study Gray IIIa TB, health facilities Brazil
Male and female condoms when used consistently and correctly, are comparable in effectiveness.
Male and Female Condom Use
4 studies Gray II, V female condoms
Transgender Women and Men
Prevention for Key Affected Populations
Transgender women and men are at significant risk for HIV as a result of greater risk of violence and discrimination in health services. No evaluated interventions were found that provided services for transgender women and transgender men. Very little information has been published on HIV and transgender women and men in developing countries. No data was found concerning what percent of transg...
Promoting pleasure in male and female condom use can increase the practice of safer sex.
Male and Female Condom Use
2 studies Gray IV, V female condoms, sex behavior Brazil, New Zealand, North America
Consistent use of male condoms can reduce the chances of HIV acquisition by more than 95% (IOM, 2001).
Male and Female Condom Use
4 studies Gray I, IIIb, V Eastern and Southern Africa, condom use, condoms Brazil
Treating Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
Prevention for Women
Worldwide, the burden of sexually transmitted infections in women is more than five times that in men (Sciarra, 2009). Multiple observational studies have found an association between STIs and HIV (Venkatesh et al., 2011b; Cohen and Eron, 2011; Mavedzenge et al., 2010b; Weber et al., 2010). A recent study found that the odds of acquiring HIV were 2.4 times higher in women with prior cervical HP...
Incorporating discussions of alcohol use into HIV testing and counseling may increase protective behaviors such as condom use, partner reduction and reduction of alcohol use.
HIV Testing and Counseling for Women
4 studies Gray II, IIIa, IIIb HIV testing, alcohol, education, sex behavior, sexual partners, substance abuse, violence Kenya, South Africa
Providing information and skills-building support to people living with HIV can reduce self-reported unprotected sex.
Meeting the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs of Women Living With HIV
4 studies Gray I, V STIs, condom use, disclosure, education, providers, sex behavior, sexual partners United States, Zambia
Women Who Have Sex With Women (WSW)
Prevention for Key Affected Populations
At least seventy-six countries criminalize consensual samesex relations, making access to HIV prevention, treatment and care a challenge for women who have sex with women (UN General Assembly, 2011). According to a report by the International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission, although prevalence rates are lower than heterosexual women, same-sex practicing South African women self-report ...
Mass media campaigns concerning gender equality as part of comprehensive and integrated interventions can increase HIV protective behaviors. [See also %{s:23} – many of the media interventions for young people promote equitable gender norms]
Transforming Gender Norms
2 studies Gray IIIa, IIIb STIs, communication, condoms, gender norms, self-perception, violence, youth Brazil, Nicaragua
Recruiting and training opinion leaders can reduce stigmatizing behaviors in the community.
Reducing Stigma and Discrimination
2 studies Gray IIIa, IIIb opinion leaders, religious leaders, stigma China
Enacting and enforcing laws and policies that respect, protect and fulfill women’s human rights, including those protecting women’s rights to land, property and inheritance and addressing violence against women, can enhance women’s ability to cope with HIV.
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
3 studies Gray IIIb, V inheritance, property rights, violence against women East Africa, Southern Africa
Scaling up PMTCT programs increases the number of women who know their serostatus and improves HIV knowledge.
Structuring Health Services to Meet Women’s Needs
3 studies Gray IV, V HIV testing, PMTCT, antenatal care, treatment Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire
National scale-up of cART in pregnancy improves maternal and infant outcomes.
Antenatal Care - Treatment
4 studies Gray IIIb Jamaica, pregnancy, scale up, treatment Malawi, South Africa, Ukraine
Strengthening the Enabling Environment
In order for HIV and/or AIDS interventions for women and girls to succeed, factors beyond the health services need to be addressed through multisectoral interventions. These environmental factors include gender norms that guide how girls and boys grow to be women and men, legal norms that confer or withhold rights for women and girls, access to education, income, levels of tolerance for violenc...
Community-based participatory learning approaches involving men and women can create more gender-equitable relationships, thereby decreasing violence. [See also %{s:57}]
Addressing Violence Against Women
5 studies Gray II, IIIa, IIIb, IV condom use, condoms, gender norms, gender relations, men, sex behavior, violence Ethiopia, South Africa, Uganda
Migrant Women and Female Partners of Male Migrants
Prevention for Key Affected Populations
Women and men migrate for any number of reasons: lack of food or employment opportunities, war, etc. "In much of South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, millions of people living in poverty have no viable employment opportunities close to home, forcing individuals to migrate from their communities in search of... a means to provide economic resources for their families. Because of changing market de...
Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision
Prevention for Women
Male circumcision has now been shown in three randomized clinical trials to reduce the risk of HIV acquisition for men by 50-60% (Auvert et al., 2005; Bailey et al., 2007; Gray et al., 2007). Male circumcision at birth as part of postnatal care could result, upon sexual initiation and during his lifetime, in a reduction in the risk of HIV acquisition. Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) ...
Interventions targeting male clients can increase condom use and thus reduce HIV risk for sex workers.
Female Sex Workers
2 studies Gray IIIb condom use, condoms, peer education, sex workers India, Senegal
Decriminalization of sex work can promote access to health care and support safer working conditions, including safer sex practices, among sex workers.
Advancing Human Rights and Access to Justice for Women and Girls
5 studies Gray IV, V criminalization, sex work Asia, Australia, New Zealand